Browsing Department of Biomedical Sciences by Issue Date
Now showing items 41-60 of 81
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CHAPTER EIGHTEEN A BIORATIONALE FOR CONTROL OF BIOMPHALARIA PFEIFFERI HOST SNAILS, LARVAE OF ANOPHELES GAMBIAE AND SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI
(Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2019-11-14)Mosquitoes transmit deadly diseases in tropical countries. Despite tremendous efforts towards disease control, the burden is still huge in endemic areas. In 2015, the region was home to 89% of malaria cases and 91% of ... -
Prevalence and detection of drug resistant mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis among drug naïve patients in Nairobi, Kenya
(BioMed Central, 2019-12)Tuberculosis (TB), an ancient scourge of humanity known for several thousands of years, is still a significant public health challenge in many countries today even though some progress has been made in recent years in ... -
Epidemiological patterns and antimicrobial resistance of bacterial diarrhea among children in Nairobi City, Kenya
(RIGLD, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, 2020)Aim:Determine the prevalence of enteric bacterial pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance among diarrheic children in Nairobi City, Kenya. Background: Regardless of enteric bacterial pathogens being a major ... -
Acceptability, adherence, and clinical outcomes, of amoxicillin dispersible tablets versus oral suspension in treatment of children aged 2–59 Months with pneumonia, Kenya: A cluster randomized controlled trial
(Heliyon, 2020)Amoxicillin dispersible tablet (DT) is now recommended by the WHO as a first-line drug for the treatment of pneumonia in children below 5 years. The study aim was to compare acceptability, adherence and clinical outcome ... -
Changes in the frequencies of Plasmodium falciparum dhps and dhfr drug-resistant mutations in children from Western Kenya from 2005 to 2018: the rise of Pfdhps S436H
(BMC, 2020)Background: Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) is the only anti-malarial drug formulation approved for intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp). However, mutations in the Plasmodium falciparum dhfr (Pfdhfr) and ... -
Association between haematological parameters and sickle cell genotypes in children with Plasmodium falciparum malaria resident in Kisumu County in Western Kenya
(2020)Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a monogenic disorder due to point mutation in the β-globin gene resulting in substitution of Valine for Glutamic acid. The SCD is prevalent in P. falciparum endemic regions such ... -
Phylogeography and population structure of the tsetse fly Glossina pallidipes in Kenya and the Serengeti ecosystem
(PLOS, 2020)Glossina pallidipes is the main vector of animal African trypanosomiasis and a potential vector of human African trypanosomiasis in eastern Africa where it poses a large economic burden and public health threat. Vector ... -
Low sensitivity of the careHPV™ Assay for detection of Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus in cervical samples from HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected Kenyan women
(HSPC, 2020)Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection causes cervical cancer (CC), a common malignancy among Kenyan women. New CC screening methods rely on oncogenic HPV (“highrisk”, or HR-HPV) detection, but most have not been evaluated ... -
Evaluating Antiplasmodial and Antimalarial Activities of Soybean (Glycine max) Seed Extracts on P. falciparum Parasite Cultures and P. berghei-Infected Mice
(Hindawi, 2020-02-17)Plasmodium parasite resistance to artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) calls for development of new, affordable, safe, and effective antimalarial drugs. Studies conducted previously on soybean extracts have ... -
Mechanisms and targets of Fcγ-receptor mediated immunity to malaria sporozoites
(Nature Communications, 2021)A highly protective vaccine will greatly facilitate achieving and sustaining malaria elimination. Understanding mechanisms of antibody-mediated immunity is crucial for developing vaccines with high efficacy. Here, we ... -
Comparative genomic and phenotypic characterization of invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates from Siaya, Kenya
(PLOS, 2021)Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) is a major global health concern that often causes blood stream infections in areas of the world affected by malnutrition and comorbidities such as HIV and malaria. Developing a strategy to ... -
Synergism in Antiplasmodial Activities of Artemether and Lumefantrine in Combination with Securidaca longipedunculata Fresen (Polygalaceae)
(MDPI, 2021)Malaria is the most lethal parasitic disease in the world. The frequent emergence of resistance by malaria parasites to any drug is the hallmark of sustained malaria burden. Since the deployment of artemisinin-based ... -
Effects of Achyranthes aspera, Bidens pilosa and Ajuga remota Leaf extracts on the blood glucose levels and hemoparameters in male goats treated with Alloxan
(AJOL, 2021)Diabetes mellitus is a potentially morbid condition with high prevalence worldwide thus the disease constitutes a major health concern. Presently, it is an incurable metabolic disorder which affects about 2.8% of the global ... -
Immunohistochemical Analysis of Prostein Expression in Archived Prostatic Core Biopsies from Prostate Cancer Patients in Western Kenya
(Research Square, 2021)Prostate cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality in men. Most of the current biomarkers for detection of the disease have low sensitivity and specificity. Prostein is a newly reported prostate cancer ... -
Determinants of tuberculosis treatment interruption among patients in Vihiga County, Kenya
(PLOS ONE, 2021)Despite robust Tuberculosis (TB) program with effective chemotherapy and high coverage, treatment interruption remains a serious problem. Interrupting TB treatment means that patients remain infectious for longer time ... -
Incidence of Brucella infection in various livestock species raised under the pastoral production system in Isiolo County, Kenya
(Springer, 2021)We implemented a longitudinal study to determine the incidence of Brucella infection in cattle, camels, sheep and goats that were being raised in a pastoral area in Isiolo County, Kenya. An initial cross-sectional survey ... -
Antimalarial activity of Nigella sativa L. Seed extracts and selection of resistance in Plasmodium berghei ANKA in a mouse model
(Hindawi Limited, 2021-02-03)Chemotherapy plays a crucial role in malaria control. However, the main obstacle to treatment has been the rise of parasite resistance to most antimalarial drugs. Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) remain the ... -
The Potential of Differentiation Related Gene 1 DRG1) as a Biomarker for Metastasis of Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer
(Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research, 2021-10-07)Breast cancer is major burden worldwide and the majority of breast cancers express estrogen receptors (ER) suggesting a high dependence on estrogen hormone. Age is among the major determinants of breast cancer development, ... -
Ingestion of hemozoin by peripheral blood mononuclear cells alters temporal gene expression of ubiquitination processes
(Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports, 2022)Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) malaria is among the leading causes of childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide. During a natural infection, ingestion of the malarial parasite product, hemozoin (PfHz), by circulating phagocytic ... -
Sero-Prevalence and Molecular Analysis of Brucellosis in Livestock Keepers and Domestic Ruminants in Baringo County, Kenya
(Research square, 2022)Brucellosis is widely distributed in more than 170 countries around the world, where it poses a huge threat to animal husbandry and human health. Brucellosis is a worldwide re-emerging zoonotic disease that poses serious ...