Isoniazid and Rifampicin Tuberculosis Drug Resistance in HIV Endemic Region of Western Kenya

Abstract

Tuberculosis drug resistance is often associated with inadequate anti-tuberculosis treatment regimen resulting to mutations that confers resistance to anti-tuberculosis agents. This is aggravated by synergetic relationship between Tuberculosis and HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). Over 25% of Global Tuberculosis deaths occur in Africa and Kenya is one of the 30 high burden countries that together account for more than 80% of the world’s TB cases. According to World Health Organization, in 2018, Multi drug resistant Tuberculosis prevalence in Kenya was 1.3% in new cases and 4.4% in retreatment cases. Kisumu County recorded the second highest HIV prevalence at 18.6% against the national prevalence of 4.5% in 2020. The extent of regional burden of DR-TB and HIV co-infection has not been exactly well-defined in Western Kenya.