Validity/reliability of PHQ-9 and PHQ-2 depression scales among adults living with HIV/AIDS in western Kenya

Abstract

Background Depression greatly burdens sub-Saharan Africa, especially populations living with HIV/AIDS, for whom few validated depression scales exist. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), a brief dual-purpose instrument yielding DSM-IV diagnoses and severity, and PHQ-2, an ultra-brief screening tool, offer advantages in resource-constrained settings. Objective To assess the validity/reliability of PHQ-9 and PHQ-2. Design Observational, two occasions 7 days apart. Participants A total of 347 patients attending psychosocial support groups. Measurements Demographics, PHQ-9, PHQ-2, general health perception rating and CD4 count. Results Rates for PHQ-9 DSM-IV major depressive disorder (MDD), other …