School of Medicine: Recent submissions
Now showing items 341-360 of 553
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Clinical and molecular evidence for a case of Buruli ulcer (Mycobacterium ulcerans infection) in Kenya
(The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2009)Mycobacterium ulcerans infection is an emerging disease that causes indolent, necrotizing skin lesions known as Buruli ulcer (BU) and occasional contiguous or metastatic bone lesions. Buruli ulcer is named after Buruli ... -
The levels of CD16/Fc gamma receptor III A on CD14+CD16+ monocytes are higher in children with severe Plasmodium falciparum anemia than in children with …
(BioMed Central, 2010)Fc gamma receptor IIIA (CD16/FCγRIIIA) on monocytes/macro-phages may play an important role in the pathogenesis of severe malarial anemia (SMA) by promoting phagocytosis of IgG-coated uninfected red cells and by allowing ... -
Increased deposition of C3b on red cells with low CR1 and CD55 in a malaria-endemic region of western Kenya: Implications for the development of severe anemia
(BioMed Central, 2010)Severe anemia due to Plasmodium falciparum malaria is a major cause of mortality among young children in western Kenya. The factors that lead to the age-specific incidence of this anemia are unknown. Previous studies have ... -
The Levels of CD16/Fcγ Receptor IIIA on CD14+ CD16+ Monocytes Are Higher in Children with Severe Plasmodium falciparum Anemia than in Children with Cerebral or Uncomplicated Malaria
(American Society for Microbiology Journals, 2010)Fc gamma receptor IIIA (CD16/FcγRIIIA) on monocytes/macrophages may play an important role in the pathogenesis of severe malarial anemia (SMA) by promoting phagocytosis of IgG-coated uninfected red cells and by allowing ... -
The levels of CD16/Fc gamma receptor III A on CD14+CD16+ monocytes are higher in children with severe Plasmodium falciparum anemia than in children with …
(BioMed Central, 2010)Fc gamma receptor IIIA (CD16/FCgRIIIA) on monocytes/macro-phages may play an important role in the pathogenesis of severe malarial anemia (SMA) by promoting phagocytosis of IgG-coated uninfected red cells and by allowing ... -
Dual role of erythrocyte complement receptor type 1 in immune complex‐mediated macrophage stimulation: implications for the pathogenesis of Plasmodium falciparum malaria
(Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2011)iven the ability of erythrocytes to bind immune complexes (ICs), we postulated that they can serve a dual role during inflammatory or infectious processes. Erythrocytes could restrict stimulation of macrophages by free ICs ... -
Association between sickle cell trait and low density parasitaemia in a P. falciparum malaria holoendemic region of Western Kenya
(University of Nairobi Institute of Tropical & Infectious Diseases (UNITID), Kenya, 2012)Aims: The frequency of the mutant gene for sickle cell is widely distributed in the sub- Saharan Africa, the Middle East, and the Indian subcontinent. There is epidemiologic evidence that sickle cell trait confers a ... -
Red blood cell immune complex binding capacity in children with sickle cell trait (HbAS) living in P. falciparum malaria holoendemic region of Western Kenya
(ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH UNIT-KENYA APO NEW YORK 09675, 2013)Malaria infection leads to the formation of circulating immune complexes CICs which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of complicated malaria which includes severe malarial anemia. Children with sickle cell trait ... -
Sickle cell trait (HbAS) is associated with increased expression of erythrocyte complement regulatory proteins CR1 and CD55 levels in children
(International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health, 2013)Aims: Erythrocyte complement regulatory proteins, complement receptor 1 (CR1) and decay accelerating factor (CD55) protect red blood cells (RBCs) from complement mediated damage by controlling complement activation cascade ... -
Health & demographic surveillance system profile: the Kombewa health and demographic surveillance system (Kombewa HDSS)
(Oxford University Press, 2014)The Kombewa Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) grew out of the Kombewa Clinical Research Centre in 2007 and has since established itself as a platform for the conduct of regulated clinical trials, nested ... -
Pharmacokinetic evaluation of intravenous artesunate in adults with uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Kenya: a phase II study
(spring link, 2014)Background Alternatives to treatment for malaria treatment of travellers are needed in the USA and in Europe for travellers who return with severe malaria infections. The objective of this study is to show the pharmacokinetic ... -
The Benefits of research partnerships to the community at KEMRI/Walter Reed Project
(Dspace, 2015)Ethical Principles on Human Subject Protection in Clinical Research revolves around Autonomy, Beneficence and Justice. Beneficence requires that the benefits to research participants are maximized as you minimize the risk ... -
Genetic diversity and protective efficacy of the RTS, S/AS01 malaria vaccine
(Massachusetts Medical Society, 2015)BACKGROUND The RTS,S/AS01 vaccine targets the circumsporozoite protein of Plasmodium falciparum and has partial protective efficacy against clinical and severe malaria disease in infants and children. We investigated ... -
Immunogenicity of the RTS, S/AS01 malaria vaccine and implications for duration of vaccine efficacy: secondary analysis of data from a phase 3 randomised controlled trial
(Elsevier, 2015)Background The RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine targets the circumsporozoite protein, inducing antibodies associated with the prevention of Plasmodium falciparum infection. We assessed the association between anti-circumsporo ... -
Safety and immunogenicity of RTS, S/AS01 malaria vaccine in infants and children with WHO stage 1 or 2 HIV disease: a randomised, double-blind, controlled trial
(Elsevier, 2016)Background Malaria remains a major global public health concern, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. The RTS,S/AS01 malaria candidate vaccine was reviewed by the European Medicines Agency and received a positive scientific ... -
Using health and demographic surveillance systems for teratovigilance in Africa
(Elsevier, 2016)Increased funding in the past decade has improved healthcare coverage of the population and access to vaccines and drugs across sub-Saharan Africa.1 However, there is still a need to collect valid and sufficient baseline ... -
Male partner involvement in efforts to eliminate mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Kisumu County, Western Kenya, 2015
(2017)Introduction male partner involvement in elimination of mother-to-child transmission (eMTCT) of HIV activities remains low in Western Kenya, despite its importance in reducing rates of child HIV transmission. We sought ... -
Assessing levels and trends of adult mortality in Sub Saharan Africa using INDEPTH health and demographic surveillance systems
(2017)There is still a considerable dearth of knowledge regarding adult mortality and premature deaths in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Attempts to measure adult mortality using censuses and cross-sectional surveys rely mainly on ... -
Daily home fortification with iron as ferrous fumarate versus NaFeEDTA: a randomised, placebo-controlled, non-inferiority trial in Kenyan children
(BioMed Centra, 2017)Background: We aimed to show the non-inferiority of home fortification with a daily dose of 3 mg iron in the form of iron as ferric sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (NaFeEDTA) compared with 12.5 mg iron as encapsulated ferrous ... -
Longitudinal estimation of Plasmodium falciparum prevalence in relation to malaria prevention measures in six sub-Saharan African countries
(BioMed Central, 2017)Background Plasmodium falciparum prevalence (PfPR) is a widely used metric for assessing malaria transmission intensity. This study was carried out concurrently with the RTS,S/AS01 candidate malaria vaccine Phase III trial ...