School of Medicine: Recent submissions

Now showing items 181-200 of 553

    • Pediatric Reference Values for Some Renal Biochemistry Tests in Meru County, Kenya 

      RM Kainyu, S Kiruki, ENM Njagi, O George (International Journal of Bioprocess & Biotechnological Advancements, 2019)
      International Journal of Bioprocess & Biotechnological Advancements

    • Assessment of submicroscopic infections and gametocyte carriage of Plasmodium falciparum during peak malaria transmission season in a community-based cross-sectional survey in western Kenya, 2012 

      Zhiyong Zhou, Rebecca M Mitchell, Simon Kariuki, Christopher Odero, Peter Otieno, Kephas Otieno, Philip Onyona, Vincent Were, Ryan E Wiegand, John E Gimnig, Edward D Walker, Meghna Desai, Ya Ping Shi (BioMed Central, 2016)
      Although malaria control intervention has greatly decreased malaria morbidity and mortality in many African countries, further decline in parasite prevalence has stagnated in western Kenya. In order to assess if malaria ...

    • Impact of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance on effectiveness of intermittent preventive therapy for malaria in pregnancy at clearing infections and preventing low birth weight 

      Meghna Desai, Julie Gutman, Steve M Taylor, Ryan E Wiegand, Carole Khairallah, Kassoum Kayentao, Peter Ouma, Sheick O Coulibaly, Linda Kalilani, Kimberly E Mace, Emmanuel Arinaitwe, Don P Mathanga, Ogobara Doumbo, Kephas Otieno, Dabira Edgar, Ebbie Chaluluka, Mulakwa Kamuliwo, Veronica Ades, Jacek Skarbinski, Ya Ping Shi, Pascal Magnussen, Steve Meshnick, Feiko O Ter Kuile (Oxford University Press, 2016-02-01)
      Owing to increasing sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) resistance in sub-Saharan Africa, monitoring the effectiveness of intermittent preventive therapy in pregnancy (IPTp) with SP is crucial

    • Factors affecting antenatal care attendance: results from qualitative studies in Ghana, Kenya and Malawi 

      Okuma, Peter. Ouma (Public Library of Science, 2013-01-15)
      Antenatal care (ANC) is a key strategy to improve maternal and infant health. However, survey data from subSaharan Africa indicate that women often only initiate ANC after the first trimester and do not achieve the ...

    • Burden of disease and risk factors for mortality amongst hospitalized newborns in Nigeria and Kenya 

      Helen M Nabwera, Dingmei Wang, Olukemi O Tongo, Pauline EA Andang’o, Isa Abdulkadir, Chinyere V Ezeaka, Beatrice N Ezenwa, Iretiola B Fajolu, Zainab O Imam, Martha K Mwangome, Dominic D Umoru, Abimbola E Akindolire, Walter Otieno, Grace M Nalwa, Alison W Talbert, Ismaela Abubakar, Nicholas D Embleton, Stephen J Allen, Neonatal Nutrition Network (NeoNuNet) (Public Library of Science, 2021-01-14)
      To describe the patient population, priority diseases and outcomes in newborns admitted <48 hours old to neonatal units in both Kenya and Nigeria.

    • Case report: Acute Kidney Injury, Liver impairment, Severe Anemia in a child with Malaria and Hyperparasitaemia 

      Harshil Gumasana and Walter Otieno (Global journal of medical and clinical case reports, 2021-01-19)
      Severe Malaria is a medical emergency mainly because of its rapid progression to complications and death if not promptly and adequately treated. In 2018 WHO put the incidence of P. falciparum Malaria in the African region ...

    • Clinical laboratory hematology reference values among infants aged 1month to 17 months in Kombewa Sub-County, Kisumu: A cross sectional study of rural population in Western Kenya 

      Jew Ochola Ouma , David H. Mulama,Lucas Otieno,John Owuoth,Bernhards Ogutu,Janet Oyieko,Jackson C. Korir,Peter Sifuna,Valentine Singoei,Victorine Owira,Stacey Maureen Okallo Gondii,Ben Andagalu,Walter Otieno (Public Library of Science, 2021-03-17)
      There is an urgent need for reliable region-specific hematological reference values for clinical monitoring. Laboratory reference ranges are important for assessing study participant eligibility, toxicity grading and ...

    • Haematological abnormalities in children with sickle cell disease and non-severe malaria infection in western Kenya 

      Paul Kosiyo, Walter Otieno, Jesse Gitaka, Elly O. Munde & Collins Ouma (Springer, 2021)
      In Plasmodium falciparum infection, clinical conditions such as anaemia, thrombocytopenia and leukocytosis are common. Mutation in haemoglobin sub-unit beta gene (HBB) may be a genetic factor responsible for these ...

    • Caffeine for the care of preterm infants in sub- Saharan Africa: a missed opportunity? 

      Helen M Nabwera, Osayame A Ekhaguere, Haresh Kirpalani, Kathy Burgoine, Chinyere V Ezeaka, Walter Otieno, Stephen J Allen, Nicholas D Embleton (BMJ Specialist Journals, 2021)
      In 2019, 2.4 million neonates (infants <28 days of age) died globally. Of these, over 80% were preterm infants (<37 weeks gestation), with the majority born in low- income and middle- income countries.1 Complications of ...

    • Phytochemistry and insecticidal activity of Annona mucosa leaf extracts against Sitophilus zeamais and Prostephanus truncatus 

      Albert Mulianga Makenzi, Lawrence Onyango Arot Manguro, and Philip Okinda Owuor (Journal of Asian Natural Products Researc, 2021)
      A new oleanane type triterpene characterized as 3α, 24-diacetoxy-12-oleanene (1) together with known compounds 2-10, were isolated from Annona mucosa leaf extracts. Their structural elucidation was accomplished using ...

    • Enhanced postoperative surveillance versus standard of care to reduce mortality among adult surgical patients in Africa (ASOS-2): a cluster-randomised controlled trial 

      Bruce M Biccard, Leon du Toit, Maia Lesosky, Tim Stephens, Landon Myer, Agya BA Prempeh, Nicola Vickery, Hyla-Louise Kluyts, Alexandra Torborg, Akinyinka Omigbodun, Adesoji Ademuyiwa, Muhammed Elhadi, Mohamed Elfagieh, Bernard Mbwele, Mpoki Ulisubisya, Lazaro Mboma, Daniel Z Ashebir, Mahlet Tesfaye Bahta, Mohammed Hassen, Mikiyas Teferi, Yakob Seman, Eugene Zoumenou, Adam Hewitt-Smith, Janat Tumukunde, Dolly Munlemvo, Atilio Morais, Apollo Basenero, Pisirai Ndarukwa, Nazinigouba Ouerdraogo, Maman Sani Chaibou, Mohyeddine Zarouf, Ahmed Rhassane El Adib, Veekash Gobin, Zimogo Sanogo, Youssouf Coulibaly, Zipporah Ngumi, Tarig Fadalla, Cynthia Iradukunda, Vénérand Barendegere, Isaac O Smalle, Mustapha Bittaye, Ahmadou Lamin Samateh, Mahmoud Elfiky, Maher Fawzy, Wakisa Mulwafu, Vanessa Msosa, Lygia Lopes, Akwasi Antwi-Kusi, Hamza D Sama, Patrice Forget, Dawid van Straaten, Rupert M Pearse, Marichen Puchert, Lucy Rolt, Kris Schwebler, Freddy Kabambi, Tebogo Mabotja, Leandys Cobas, Albino Freitas, Maria Antunes, Bartolomeu Cabo, Domingos Paulo, Carlos Camongua, Yvette Avognon, Osseni Marcos, Raymond Kintomonho, Onesime Demahou, Gisèle Hounsa, Hugues Chobli, Elie Fassinou, Aurore Zoglobossou, Blaise Tchaou, Charles Tchegnonsi, Fifame Amadji, Francine Bossa, Ernest Ahounou, Djima Alao, Roushdane Odérémi, Afissatou Montairou, Oswald Gbehade, Romaric Tobome, Adam Boukari, Patrick Bakantieba, Arouna Sambo, Fanou Lionelle, Nounagnon Gilbert, Julien Attinon, Roger Klikpezo, Aumar Dadjo, Dénis Fanou, Gilberte Hounkpe, Bachabi Fafana, Néné Nguilu, Bodourin Dossou-Yovo, Chantal Segla, Mohamed Toko, Evelyne Gnele-Dedewanou, Michel Noukounwoui, Ethienne Yado, Timothé Gouroubéra, Valéry Adjignon, Serge Mewanou, Aïcha Tchomgang, Urielle Agossou, Fernand Soton, Charbel Azanlin, Lidwine Zomahoun, Rawéléguinbasba Armel Flavien Kabore, Salam Savadogo, Fatou Fleur Rosine Sanou, Farid Belém, Victoria Hien, Cheik Tidiane Hafid W Bougouma, Sie Ahmed Ouattara, Mariam Bambara Kabore, Ouedraogo Nazinigouba, Papougnezambo Bonkoungou, Martin Lankoandé, Mireille Traoré, Patrick Sawadogo, Inès Wenmenga, Boureima Kinda, André Simporé, Christian Sapo, Salah Idriss Traore, Haoua Dipama, Lydie WR Kaboré, Salifou Napon, Télesphore G Kaboré, Arouna Louré, Pélagie PP Tondé, Christian Zoundi, Harouna Sanou, Remy Ndikumana, Carlos Nsengiyumva, Gregory Sund, Alliance Niyukuri, Axel Kwizera, Jean-Claude Niyondiko, Adolphe Manzanza Kilembe, Jean Pierre Mwema Ilunga, Nehema Hailemariam Sarah, Gabriel Mubobo Makeya, Idesbald Mwebe Mwepu, Ted Botawaosenge Likongo, Richard Kapela Mvwala, Raphael Nzau Kapend Mubunda, Noellie Kanka Mukuna, Julie Djondo Pembe, Nicolas Lumuanga Ndaye (Elsevier, 2021)
      Risk of mortality following surgery in patients across Africa is twice as high as the global average. Most of these deaths occur on hospital wards after the surgery itself. We aimed to assess whether enhanced postoperat ...

    • Predictors of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia and Conjunctival Squamous Cell Carcinoma among Ugandan Patients: A Hospital-based Study 

      Harrison-Williams C. M. Lloyd, Simon Arunga,1Amos Twinamasiko, Meier A. Frederick, and John Onyango (Wolters Kluwer--Medknow Publications, 2018)
      AIM: The aim of the study was to assess the predictors of ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) and conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) among Ugandan patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients presenting for ...

    • The management of microbial keratitis within Uganda’s primary health system: a situational analysis 

      Simon Arunga , Naome Kyomugasho , Teddy Kwaga , John Onyango , Astrid Leck , David Macleod , Victor Hu , Matthew Burton (The Wellcome Trust, 2019)
      Background: Microbial keratitis (MK) frequently leads to sight-loss, especially when the infection is severe and/or appropriate treatment is delayed. The primary health system as an entry point plays a central role in ...

    • Traditional eye medicine use in microbial keratitis in Uganda: a mixed methods study 

      Simon Arunga , Allen Asiimwe , Eunice Apio Olet , Grace Kagoro-Rugunda , Bosco Ayebazibwe , John Onyango , Robert Newton , Astrid Leck , David Macleod , Victor H. Hu , Janet Seeley , Matthew J. Burton (The Wellcome Trust, 2019)
      Background: Traditional eye medicine (TEM) is frequently used to treat microbial keratitis (MK) in many parts of Africa. Few reports have suggested that this is associated with a worse outcome. We undertook this large ...

    • Delay Along the Care Seeking Journey of Patients with Microbial Keratitis in Uganda 

      Simon Arunga, Guyguy M. Kintoki , Stephen Gichuhi , John Onyango , Rob Newton , Astrid Leck, David Macleod , Victor H. Hu, and Matthew J. Burton (Taylor & Francis, 2019)
      PURPOSE To describe the care seeking journey and causes of delay among patients with Microbial Keratitis in Uganda. METHODS A prospective cohort of patients presenting with microbial keratitis at the two main eye units ...

    • The management of microbial keratitis within Uganda’s primary health system: a situational analysis 

      Simon Arunga , Naome Kyomugasho , Teddy Kwaga , John Onyango , Astrid Leck , David Macleod , Victor Hu , Matthew Burton (Wellcome Open Research, 2019)
      Background: Microbial keratitis (MK) frequently leads to sight-loss, especially when the infection is severe and/or appropriate treatment is delayed. The primary health system as an entry point plays a central role ...

    • The impact of microbial keratitis on quality of life in Uganda 

      Simon Arunga , Geoffrey Wiafe, Esmael Habtamu, John Onyango, Stephen Gichuhi, Astrid Leck, David Macleod, Victor Hu, Matthew Burton (BMJ Specialist Journals, 2019)
      Background Microbial keratitis (MK) is a frequent cause of sight loss in sub-Saharan Africa. However, no studies have formally measured its impact on quality of life (QoL) in this context. Methods As part of a nested ...

    • Risk Factors of Microbial Keratitis in Uganda: A Case Control Study 

      Simon Arunga, Guyguy M. Kintoki, Stephen Gichuhi, John Onyang, Bosco Ayebazibwe, Rob Newton, Astrid Leck, David Macleod, Victor H. Hu, and Matthew J. Burton (Taylor & Francis, 2020)
      Purpose: Microbial keratitis (MK), is a frequent cause of sight loss worldwide, particularly in low and middle-income countries. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors of MK in Uganda. Methods: Using a nested ...

    • Epidemiology of Microbial Keratitis in Uganda: A Cohort Study 

      Simon Arunga Guyguy M. Kintoki, James Mwesigye, Bosco Ayebazibwe, John Onyango, Joel Bazira, Rob Newton, Stephen Gichuhi, Astrid Leck, David Macleod, Victor H. Hu, and Matthew J. Burton (Taylor & Francis, 2020)
      Purpose: To describe the epidemiology of Microbial Keratitis (MK) in Uganda. Methods: We prospectively recruited patients presenting with MK at two main eye units in Southern Uganda between December 2016 and March 2018. ...

    • Smartphone-based Ophthalmic Imaging Compared With Spectral-domain Optical Coherence Tomography Assessment of Vertical Cup-to-disc Ratio Among Adults in Southwestern Uganda 

      Baimba R. Idriss, MMed, MBChB, Tu M. Tran, MD, MSc, Daniel Atwine, PhD, MMed, Robert T. Chang, MD , David Myung, MD, PhD John Onyango, MMed (NIH Public Access, 2021)
      Precis: Using optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements as a reference standard for vertical cup-to-disc ratio (vCDR), a smartphone-based ophthalmic camera has a sensitivity of 67.7% and specificity of 96.7% to detect ...