The Challenges in the Use of Mobile Instant Messaging Systems in Universities

Abstract

Mobile Instant Messaging (MIM) encompasses a range of internet-based facilities that enable exchange of real-time messages using mobile phones. The value of MIM has widely been recognized in recent times, instigating an upsurge in its use across the society. The upsurge underscores the potential of MIM in universities due to the strengths the technology presents such as real time messaging, versatility, portability, affordability among others. In spite of manifested value of MIM, institutions are yet to fully embrace the technology. In light of the aforementioned, this paper aimed to determine way forward in MIM use in universities. The study specifically sought to assess the current situation in the use of MIM, identify challenges in the context of existing success models and way forward. Mixed methods research design was used and survey and multiple case designs were used. Both quantitative and qualitative strategies were used. Simple probability sampling method was used to obtain a sample of 655 respondents drawn from four cadres of respondents in Kenyan public universities as follows; ninety three (93) Information and Communication Technology (ICT) administrative staff, ninety six (96) ICT technical staff, ninety eight (98) academic staff and three hundred and sixty eight (368) students. Data was collected by the use of questionnaires and interviews. Validity was ensured through triangulation, peer debriefing and review. Reliability test was done and generated a Cronbach’s Alpha value of 0.827. Ethical considerations were taken into account and relevant clearances sought as required. Thematic analysis method was used to analyze qualitative responses whereas descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze quantitative responses. Findings revealed a high rate of use of mobile phones and MIM in institutions, underscoring the potential and need for a suitable IS success model with MIM. In particular, MIM penetration rate for academic staff stood at 63%, students at 60% and combined ICT administrative and ICT technical staff at 34%. Findings of the study were considered important for the academia given the MIM-related knowledge generated, and anticipated in the further research recommended herein