Using Prostate-specific Antigen to Predict Gleason Scores in African Men Seeking Urological Services at a Referral Hospital in Kisumu, Kenya

Abstract

Men are more likely to develop prostate lesions like benign prostatic hypertrophy and prostate cancer as they age. Prostate specific antigen (PSA), which is secreted in large quantities above normal levels of 0–4 ng/ml by cells of the prostate gland in benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) or prostate cancer (Pca), is a biological marker for the diagnosis of prostate cancer; hence, early diagnosis using PSA facilitates disease detection; the higher the level of PSA, the higher the chance of having prostate cancer (Negahdary et al., 2020; Zhang & Sun, 2018). The Gleason scale is used to grade patients with prostate cancer and determine their risk of the disease progressing. Is it possible to predict the Gleason scores of people with prostate cancer based on their PSA levels? The primary goal of the current study was to establish a correlation between the patient's PSA level and the associated Gleason scores at the time of prostate biopsy at Jaramogi Oginga Odinga Teaching and Referral Hospital (JOOTRH).