Browsing Department of Zoology by Title
Now showing items 79-98 of 157
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Hormonal correlates of natal dispersal and rank attainment in wild male baboons
(Academic Press, 2017-08-01)In many mammals, maturational milestones such as dispersal and the attainment of adult dominance rank mark stages in the onset of reproductive activity and depend on a coordinated set of hormonal and socio-behavioral ... -
Hormonal correlates of natal dispersal and rank attainment in wild male baboons
(Academic Press, 2017-08-01) -
Impact of Population Services International (PSI) Insecticide-treated Net (ITNs) Distribution on Malaria Prevalence in Pregnancy: A Case of Kimilili-Bungoma Sub-County, Kenya
(South Asian Journal of Parasitology, 2020)Insecticide-treated net (ITN) use is one of the most promising tools which have been shown to reduce the number of mosquito bites. Pregnant women and children less than five years have been specifically designated as ... -
In vitro anthelmintic activity of Albizia gummifera, Crotalaria axillaris, Manilkara discolor, Teclea trichocarpa and Zanthoxylum usambarense using sheep nematodes
(African Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2017)Background: Albizia gummifera, Crotalaria axillaris, Manilkara discolor, Teclea trichocarpa and Zanthoxylum usambarense are used to treat different ailments in many parts of the world. For instance, A. gummifera is used ... -
Increased circulating interleukin (IL)-23 in children with malarial anemia: in vivo and in vitro relationship with co-regulatory cytokines IL-12 and IL-10
(Academic Press, 2008)Severe malarial anemia (SMA) is a leading cause of mortality among children in sub-Saharan Africa. Although the novel cytokine, interleukin (IL)-23, promotes anemia in chronic inflammatory diseases, the role of IL-23 in ... -
Integron-plasmid mediated antibiotic resistance and virulence factors in clinical Salmonella enterica serovars in rural Western Kenya
(Academic Journals, 2010-07-31)Integron-mediated antibiotic resistance is common among diverse Salmonellaserovars. Phenotypic antibiotic resistance was correlated with the presence of intergron–mediated genes in 65 Salmonella typhimurium isolates using ... -
Interferon-γ responses to Plasmodium falciparum vaccine candidate antigens decrease in the absence of malaria transmission
(PeerJ Inc., 2017)Background. Malaria elimination campaigns are planned or active in many countries. The effects of malaria elimination on immune responses such as antigen-specific IFNγ responses are not well characterized. Methods. IFN- ... -
Interleukin (IL)-13 promoter polymorphisms (-7402 T/G and-4729G/A) condition susceptibility to pediatric severe malarial anemia but not circulating IL-13 levels
(BioMed Central, 2013-12-01)In holoendemic Plasmodium falciparum transmission areas such as western Kenya, severe malarial anemia [SMA, hemoglobin (Hb) < 6.0 g/dL, with any density parasitemia] is the most common clinical manifestation of severe ... -
Isolation and Identification by Morphological and Biochemical Methods of Antibiotic Producing Microorganisms from the gut of Macrotermes michaelseni in Maseno, Kenya
(Journal of Applied Biology & Biotechnology, 2016-01)The major gut microflora colonizing the hind gut of higher termites, include morphologically diverse microorganisms. The objective of this study was to identify by morphological and biochemical methods of the antibiotic ... -
Isolation of Salmonella and Shigella from fish harvested from the Winam Gulf of Lake Victoria, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi., 2009)Human infections caused by pathogens transmitted from fish are quite common. The aim of this study was to isolate enteric pathogenic bacteria from fish that might be transmitted to humans after the handling or consumption ... -
Life at the top: rank and stress in wild male baboons
(American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2011-07-15)In social hierarchies, dominant individuals experience reproductive and health benefits, but the costs of social dominance remain a topic of debate. Prevailing hypotheses predict that higher-ranking males experience higher ... -
Life history context of reproductive aging in a wild primate model
(Blackwell Publishing Inc, 2010-08-01)The pace of reproductive aging has been of considerable interest, especially in regard to the long postreproductive period in modern women. Here we use data for both sexes from a 37‐year longitudinal study of a wild baboon ... -
A macrophage migration inhibitory factor promoter polymorphism is associated with high-density parasitemia in children with malaria
(Nature Publishing Group, 2006)Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pleiotropic cytokine that regulates innate and adaptive immune responses to bacterial and parasitic infections. Functional promoter variants in the MIF gene influence ... -
Malaria diagnosis in rural healthcare facilities and treatment-seeking behavior in malaria endemic settings in western Kenya
(Maseno University, 2023)Accurate diagnosis and timely treatment are central requirements for effective malaria management in communities. However, in resource-constrained settings, healthcare facilities are likely to be few, inaccessible, and ... -
Measurement of improvement achieved by participation in international laboratory accreditation in sub-Saharan Africa: the Aga Khan University Hospital Nairobi experience
(Oxford University Press, 2014)As part of the ISO 15189:2007 accreditation process, the Aga Khan University Hospital Nairobi laboratory became the first internationally accredited hospital laboratory in sub-Saharan Africa outside South Africa in 2011 ... -
Metabolic syndrome and its predictors in an urban population in Kenya: a cross sectional study
(BioMed Central, 2017)The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a clustering of interrelated risk factors which doubles the risk of cardio-vascular disease (CVD) in 5–10 years and increases the risk of type 2 diabetes 5 fold. The identification ... -
Microbial assessment of selected earthen fish ponds in western Kenya
(Elsevier, 2013-01-01)Water-borne infections are among the most recent emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases throughout the world. WHO estimates that 80% of all illnesses in the world are caused by water-borne disease pathogens that ... -
Microgeographic variations in Burkitt's lymphoma incidence correlate with differences in malnutrition, malaria and Epstein–Barr virus
(British journal of cancer 103, 2010)Background: Endemic Burkitt's lymphoma (eBL) has been associated with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and holoendemic Plasmodium falciparum malaria. But recent evidence suggests that other risk factors are involved. Methods: We ... -
Morphological, biochemical and molecular characterization of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria of African nightshades (Solanum scabrum Mill.)
(INNSPUB, 2016)African nightshade (Solanum scabrum Mill.) is one important vegetable in terms of food security and nutritional balance. The vegetable is usually medicinal and also a source of income to many small scale farmers in Kenya. ... -
Multidrug resistance of Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Typhimurium isolated from clinical samples at two rural hospitals in Western Kenya
(The journal of infection in developing countries, 2008-04-01)The threat to human health posed by antibiotic resistance is of growing concern. Many commensals and pathogenic organisms have developed resistance to well established and newer antibiotics. This is a cross-sectional study ...