Direct and indirect efects of predation and parasitism on the Anopheles gambiae mosquito

Abstract

A good understanding of mosquito ecology is imperative for integrated vector control of malaria. In breeding sites, Anopheles larvae are concurrently exposed to predators and parasites. However, to our knowledge, there is no study on combined efects of predators and parasites on development and survival of larvae and their carry-over efects on adult survivorship and susceptibility to further parasite infection.