| dc.description.abstract | Glucose intolerance is impaired glucose uptake by peripheral tissues due to insulin resistance and is usually associated with chronic hyperglycemia. The condition often leads to overt diabetes mellitus [DM] - a metabolic disorder that is characterized by the body’s inability to lower blood glucose to normal levels. Available reports show that medication with HIV protease inhibitors [PIs] causes insulin resistance and hence glucose intolerance in HIV- positive patients. This study evaluated the actions of the flavonoids (Diosmin[DIOS] and Hesperidin[HES]) on HIV protease inhibitor (HIV-PIs) induced hyperglycemia in Rattusnorvegicusalbinus (wistar rats). Seventy two Wistar rats were randomly assigned into six groups of twelve rats each. Each group was given a specific treatment with HIV protease inhibitors and or flavonoids for 42 days. The blood glucose, HbA1c and insulin levels were measured analyzed.The Control and the ATV/RTV+DIOS/HES treated groups had a significant difference only once at the end of week one of the treatment period (diff. =0.625 mmol/L, p=0.014). The Control group, DIOS/HES and the ATV/RTV+DIOS/HES treated groups did not show any significant differences in their group mean blood glucose levels from the second week of treatment to the end of the study. The ATV/RTV (5.95±2.15 mmol/L on week 3), LPV/RTV (5.14±0.92 mmol/L on week 3) and LPV/RTV+DIOS/HES (5.30±1.72 mmol/L on week 3) treated groups had significantly elevated group mean blood glucose levels on the third week of the study compared to the control group (3.88±0.42 mmol/L on week3). The HIV-Protease inhibitor treatments increased blood insulin levels (grand mean of 3.58±2.27µIU/mL at baseline (day 0) to 20.32±2.27 µIU/mL on day 42, p<0.001). The HIV-protease inhibitors increased group mean HbA1c levels with the LPV/RTV treated group increasing from 4.67± 0.16 percent on day 0 to 5.45±0.77 percent on day 42 (p<0.01) and ATV/RTV treated group mean HbA1c level increasing from 4.52±0.16 percent on day 0 to 5.13±0.53 percent on day 42 (p<0.01) while the DIOS/HES group mean HbA1c levels decreased significantly (4.73±0.16 percent at day 0 to 3.35±0.48 percent on day 42, p<0.001). The results demonstrated that the co-administration of ATV/RTV with DIOS/HES significantly reduced the blood glucose elevating effects of the ATV/RTV combination. The co-administration of the flavonoids with HIV-PIs also reduced the blood HbA1c levels resulting from HIV-PIs treatment. | en_US |
