| dc.description.abstract | Trauma death being a serious issue that take people’s lives has many causes whose main cause is hemorrhage (bleeding). The body's natural ability to halt bleeding inside the vascular compartment is called hemostasis, which is brought on by hemostatic drugs. Three processes—vascular constriction, platelet plug creation, and blood coagulation—achieve this. In Kenya and many other nations, freshly cut Croton megalocarpus leaves are frequently used as a hemostatic agent to stop bleeding. On the other hand, not much is known about the hemostatic properties of this plant extract. This study was conducted at three different universities. In the biochemistry lab of Maseno University, the extract was prepared and transported to Nairobi using a cooler box at 2 to 8 degree celcius. At the University of Nairobi's medical physiology laboratory, tests on bleeding and clotting were conducted. At Kenyatta National Hospital's hematology department, tests for prothrombin and active partial thromboplastin duration were performed. The primary goal is to ascertain the impact and mode of action of dried leaf extract from Croton megalocarpus on rabbits from New Zealand's hemostasis activity. A freeze-dried plant extract was made, and the dose for the research was calculated. Randomly assigned to five groups (control and test), forty New Zealand white rabbits were used. For measuring bleeding time, Duke's technique was employed, and for measuring clotting time, the capillary method. Prothrombin time was measured using the ACL Elitepro equipment, which also activated partial thromboplastin time. Biological data was statistically analyzed using SPSS version 23.0 (IBM SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Using one way analysis of variance, analysis of hematological data, including blood loss duration, clotting time, prothrombin time, and partial thromboplastin activation time, was compared between the control group and treatment groups for categorical variables. Turkeys Tests for Pairwise Comparison between means was used to compare. The relationship between leaf extract concentrations and hematological parameters... P< 0.05 was used to determine if differences were significant. The extraction yield was 45%, or 450g, of the total weight. The mean bleeding time for animals receiving normal saline (control) (A) was 125.9 -/+ 3.5 seconds, compared to aspirin, 28 mg/kg body weight (B), 227.1 ±7.6 seconds, 200 mg/kg body weight leaf extract (C), 103.3± 2.9 seconds, 300 mg/kg body weight leaf extract (D), and 81.9 ±2.6 seconds (E), respectively. In the clotting time assay, Tukey's test for pairwise comparison of means revealed that the difference between the means for the control and croton megalocarpus leaf extract tests C (200 mg/g), D (300 mg/kg), and E (400 mg/kg) was significant at 0.05 (DF, within groups = 92, Mean Square = 8.6046, N = 24, n = 4, T = 2.215). Prothrombin time reduction was not significant as observed in means of control, (13.0±1.23 verses. 200mg/ml leaf extract, 13.0±1.32 seconds (C), (DF =1, p = 0.9105), control (13.0±1.2 (c) verses. 300 mg/ml 12.6±1.41 seconds (D), (DF =1, p = 0.237), and control (13.0±1.2 (c) verses 400mg/ml, 13.2±1.5 seconds (E), (DF =1, p = 0.750). Turkeys Tests for Pairwise Comparison between means between normal saline and 200mg/kg (C), 300mg/kg (D) and 400mg/kg (E) body weight leaf extract, showed that the effect of CM leaf extract on activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) was significant at 5% (DF =92, N=24, MSE = 4.6675, T=1.6317). The results obtained in the current study have revealed a significant coagulant activity of aqueous extract of Croton megalocarpus plant species in accordance with a reduction in bleeding period of time, clotting duration and the amount of active partial thromboplastin duration as compared to that of the control (normal saline) with no cytotoxicity impact. The use of aqueous extracts of Croton megalocarpus in enhancement of blood hemostasis is recommended subject for further studies on safety and clinical trials on human subjects. | en_US |
