Browsing Department of Zoology by Issue Date
Now showing items 21-40 of 157
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Increased circulating interleukin (IL)-23 in children with malarial anemia: in vivo and in vitro relationship with co-regulatory cytokines IL-12 and IL-10
(Academic Press, 2008)Severe malarial anemia (SMA) is a leading cause of mortality among children in sub-Saharan Africa. Although the novel cytokine, interleukin (IL)-23, promotes anemia in chronic inflammatory diseases, the role of IL-23 in ... -
Preliminary study of the prevalence of helminths and their associated pathological lesions in four fish species from River Tana
(Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources, 2008)A preliminary study was carried out between January and May 2006 to investigate the prevalence of helminths and their pathological lesions in four species of fish. A total of 43 fresh fish from the Tana River, sold at the ... -
Occurrence of Trypanosoma in Nile tilapia in Lake Victoria, Kenya
(Sokoine university of agriculture, 2008)Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) and Lates niloticus (Nile perch) are the most abundant species and economically important fish in Lake Victoria. The former are omnivores and the latter are carnivorous. The carrier ... -
Multidrug resistance of Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Typhimurium isolated from clinical samples at two rural hospitals in Western Kenya
(The journal of infection in developing countries, 2008-04-01)The threat to human health posed by antibiotic resistance is of growing concern. Many commensals and pathogenic organisms have developed resistance to well established and newer antibiotics. This is a cross-sectional study ... -
Persistence of maternal effects in baboons: Mother's dominance rank at son's conception predicts stress hormone levels in subadult males
(Academic Press, 2008-07-01)Dominance status and reproductive experience are maternal characteristics that affect offspring traits in diverse taxa, including some cercopithecine primates. Maternal effects of this sort are widespread and are sources ... -
Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of clinical isolates Salmonella serovar Typhimurium in western Kenya.
(University of Nairobi., 2009)Salmonella spp. are recognized as some of the most common causes of enteritis worldwide. This study aimed to identify clinically isolated S. Typhimurium in western Kenya and to assess antimicrobial resistance profiles and ... -
Isolation of Salmonella and Shigella from fish harvested from the Winam Gulf of Lake Victoria, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi., 2009)Human infections caused by pathogens transmitted from fish are quite common. The aim of this study was to isolate enteric pathogenic bacteria from fish that might be transmitted to humans after the handling or consumption ... -
Trypanosoma infection in carrier fish of Lake Victoria, Kenya.
(PW Kamundia, PG Mbuthia, RM Waruiru, LW Njagi, PN Nyaga, RH Mdegela, DK Byarugaba, RO Otieno, 2010)The carrier status of the haemoparasite in fish was investigated in randomly selected Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and Nile perch (Lates niloticus). Blood was drawn from the heart using needle and syringe from ... -
Prevalence Of Porcine Cysticercosis And Risk Factors For Taenia Solium Cysticercosis/taeniosis In Three Divisions Of Homa Bay District, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, Kenya, 2010)A cross sectional study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of Cysticercus cellolulosae in three divisions of Homa Bay District. Pig farming in the district is mainly by free-range, with most farmers keeping ... -
Some pathological changes in Nile Tilapia and Nile Perch from Lake Victoria.
(University of Nairobi, Kenya, 2010)Gross and microscopic lesions especially those associated with pollutants were investigated in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and Nile perch (Lates niloticus) from Lake Victoria. A total of 104 live fish were bought ... -
Microgeographic variations in Burkitt's lymphoma incidence correlate with differences in malnutrition, malaria and Epstein–Barr virus
(British journal of cancer 103, 2010)Background: Endemic Burkitt's lymphoma (eBL) has been associated with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and holoendemic Plasmodium falciparum malaria. But recent evidence suggests that other risk factors are involved. Methods: We ... -
Prevalence of Porcine Cysticercosis and Risk Factors for Taenia Solium Cysticercosis in Homa Bay District, Kenya
(Masaimara university, 2010)A cross sectional study was carried out to determine the occurrence of cysticercus cellulosae amongst the free range pigs of Homa Bay district. Occurrence of risk factors was sourced through structured questionnaire and ... -
Epidemiology of waterborne diarrhoeal diseases among children aged 6-36 months old in Busia-Western Kenya
(World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 2010-01-29)—The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the epidemiology of waterborne diarrhoeal among children aged 6-36 months old in Busia town, western Kenya. The study was carried out between Feb. 2008 and Feb. 2010. ... -
Integron-plasmid mediated antibiotic resistance and virulence factors in clinical Salmonella enterica serovars in rural Western Kenya
(Academic Journals, 2010-07-31)Integron-mediated antibiotic resistance is common among diverse Salmonellaserovars. Phenotypic antibiotic resistance was correlated with the presence of intergron–mediated genes in 65 Salmonella typhimurium isolates using ... -
Life history context of reproductive aging in a wild primate model
(Blackwell Publishing Inc, 2010-08-01)The pace of reproductive aging has been of considerable interest, especially in regard to the long postreproductive period in modern women. Here we use data for both sexes from a 37‐year longitudinal study of a wild baboon ... -
Potential application of plant essential oils at sub-lethal concentrations under extrinsic conditions that enhance their antimicrobial effectiveness against pathogenic bacteria
(Academic Journals, 2010-08-18)The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of extrinsic factors on the antimicrobial effectiveness of essential oils (EOs) against medically important gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Clove, oregano, ... -
Endocrinology of year‐round reproduction in a highly seasonal habitat: Environmental variability in testosterone and glucocorticoids in baboon males
(Wiley Subscription Services, 2010-08-18)In conditions characterized by energetic constraints, such as in periods of low food availability, some trade‐offs between reproduction and self‐maintenance may be necessary; even year‐round breeders may then be forced to ... -
Prevalence and intensity of Paracamallanus species infection in farmed and wild catfish
(Kenya Veterinarian 35 (1), 25-32, 2011)A total of 108 randomly selected farmed and wild Clarias gariepinus (catfish) obtained from the upper Tana river basin were examined for intestinal helminthes between July 2007 and April 2008. Over fifty two per cent (52.8 ... -
Balance of investment between parental care and mating effort in male baboons
(2011)Non-monogamous males that provide care to their offspring face a potential conflict in investment between paternal care and mating effort. This conflict arises either because of resource or temporal constraints. I ... -
Determinants of adoption of household drinking water treatment methods in Winam Division, Kisumu East District, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, Kenya, 2011)This research project report is about the study of determinants of adoption of household drinking water treatment methods in Winam Division, Kisumu East District, Kenya. In many parts of the developing world, drinking water ...