Surgery and Anesthesiologyhttps://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/35342024-03-29T02:11:03Z2024-03-29T02:11:03ZRationale, Design, and the Baseline Characteristics of the RHDGen (The Genetics of Rheumatic Heart Disease) Network Study†Tafadzwa Machipisa, , Chishala Chishala, , Gasnat Shaboodien, Liesl J. Zühlke, Babu Muhamed, Shahiemah Pandie, Jantina de Vries, , Nakita Laing, Alexia Joachim, RN Rezeen Daniels, Mpiko Ntsekhe, Christopher T. Hugo-Hamman, Bernard Gitura,Stephen Ogendo, Peter Lwabi, , Emmy Okello, Albertino Damasceno, Celia Novela, RN, Ana O. Mocumbi, Geoffrey Madeira, John Musuku, Agnes Mtaja, , Ahmed ElSayed, Huda H.M. Alhassan, Fidelia Bode-Thomas, Christopher Yilgwan, Ganiyu Amusa, Esin Nkereuwem, Nicola Mulder, Raj Ramesar, Maia Lesosky, Heather J. Cordell, Michael Chong, Bernard Keavney, BM,, Guillaume Paré, Mark E. Engehttps://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/56892023-04-28T10:09:56Z2023-01-01T00:00:00ZRationale, Design, and the Baseline Characteristics of the RHDGen (The Genetics of Rheumatic Heart Disease) Network Study†
Tafadzwa Machipisa, , Chishala Chishala, , Gasnat Shaboodien, Liesl J. Zühlke, Babu Muhamed, Shahiemah Pandie, Jantina de Vries, , Nakita Laing, Alexia Joachim, RN Rezeen Daniels, Mpiko Ntsekhe, Christopher T. Hugo-Hamman, Bernard Gitura,Stephen Ogendo, Peter Lwabi, , Emmy Okello, Albertino Damasceno, Celia Novela, RN, Ana O. Mocumbi, Geoffrey Madeira, John Musuku, Agnes Mtaja, , Ahmed ElSayed, Huda H.M. Alhassan, Fidelia Bode-Thomas, Christopher Yilgwan, Ganiyu Amusa, Esin Nkereuwem, Nicola Mulder, Raj Ramesar, Maia Lesosky, Heather J. Cordell, Michael Chong, Bernard Keavney, BM,, Guillaume Paré, Mark E. Enge
BACKGROUND: The genetics of rheumatic heart disease (RHDGen) Network was developed to assist the discovery and
validation of genetic variations and biomarkers of risk for rheumatic heart disease (RHD) in continental Africans, as a part of
the global fight to control and eradicate rheumatic fever/RHD. Thus, we describe the rationale and design of the RHDGen
study, comprising participants from 8 African countries.
METHODS: RHDGen screened potential participants using echocardiography, thereafter enrolling RHD cases and ethnicallymatched controls for whom case characteristics were documented. Biological samples were collected for conducting genetic
analyses, including a discovery case-control genome-wide association study (GWAS) and a replication trio family study.
Additional biological samples were also collected, and processed, for the measurement of biomarker analytes and the
biomarker analyses are underway.
RESULTS: Participants were enrolled into RHDGen between December 2012 and March 2018. For GWAS, 2548 RHD cases
and 2261 controls (3301 women [69%]; mean age [SD], 37 [16.3] years) were available. RHD cases were predominantly
Black (66%), Admixed (24%), and other ethnicities (10%). Among RHD cases, 34% were asymptomatic, 26% had prior
valve surgery, and 23% had atrial fibrillation. The trio family replication arm included 116 RHD trio probands and 232 parents.
CONCLUSIONS: RHDGen presents a rare opportunity to identify relevant patterns of genetic factors and biomarkers in Africans
that may be associated with differential RHD risk. Furthermore, the RHDGen Network provides a platform for further work
on fully elucidating the causes and mechanisms associated with RHD susceptibility and development.
2023-01-01T00:00:00ZSurgery is really a team sportVarallo John E , Fitzgerald Laura , Okelo Stephen, Itungu Stella, Mwape Lillian, Hardtman Pandora, Ashengo Tigi Adamuhttps://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/56462023-03-13T15:23:47Z2022-01-01T00:00:00ZSurgery is really a team sport
Varallo John E , Fitzgerald Laura , Okelo Stephen, Itungu Stella, Mwape Lillian, Hardtman Pandora, Ashengo Tigi Adamu
A surgical team consists of healthcare professionals from various
disciplines, all with different priorities,
roles, expertise, and experience.
This interdisciplinary team relies
on the skills of all members and
conducts interdependent tasks in a
highly dynamic work environment,
with a shared goal of delivering
safe surgical care.
The requirement
for effective teamwork and
communication within and across
health-care teams and organisations
to deliver safe, high-quality surgical
care is well established.
Therefore,
we champion the importance of
enhancing leadership capabilities for
all surgical team members as a way
to strengthen surgical ecosystems
in the countries in which we work.
2022-01-01T00:00:00ZPartnering to deliver sustainable children's surgical care in Kakuma refugee campKaseje Neema, Khalid Hassan, Muriithi Jesse, Burton John , Weswa Benjamin, Ojwando Kefa , Chirchir Collins, Kinara Stephen, Cunningham David , Okelo Stephenhttps://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/56452023-03-13T14:27:03Z2023-01-01T00:00:00ZPartnering to deliver sustainable children's surgical care in Kakuma refugee camp
Kaseje Neema, Khalid Hassan, Muriithi Jesse, Burton John , Weswa Benjamin, Ojwando Kefa , Chirchir Collins, Kinara Stephen, Cunningham David , Okelo Stephen
The devastating milestone of 100 million people
globally forced to flee their homes because of war,
violence, persecution, and discrimination was reached on
May 23, 2022.1
Women and children are disproportionately
affected. 42% of forcibly displaced people worldwide are
children.
In Kenya, by September, 2021, 76% of registered
refugees and asylum seekers were women and children.
These women and children have considerable negative
health consequences with increased rates of morbidity and
mortality compared with non-displaced populations.
https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140-6736(22)01105-9.pdf
2023-01-01T00:00:00ZRationale, Design, and the Baseline Characteristics of the RHDGen (The Genetics of Rheumatic Heart Disease) Network StudyTafadzwa Machipisa, Chishala Chishala, Gasnat Shaboodien, Liesl J Zühlke, Babu Muhamed, Shahiemah Pandie, Jantina de Vries, Nakita Laing, Alexia Joachim, Rezeen Daniels, Mpiko Ntsekhe, Christopher T Hugo-Hamman, Bernard Gitura, Stephen Ogendo, Peter Lwabi, Emmy Okello, Albertino Damasceno, Celia Novela, Ana O Mocumbi, Geoffrey Madeira, John Musuku, Agnes Mtaja, Ahmed ElSayed, Huda HM Alhassan, Fidelia Bode-Thomas, Christopher Yilgwan, Ganiyu Amusa, Esin Nkereuwem, Nicola Mulder, Raj Ramesar, Maia Lesosky, Heather J Cordell, Michael Chong, Bernard Keavney, Guillaume Paré, Mark E Engel, RHDGen Network Consortium†https://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/56272023-03-07T16:38:41Z2023-01-01T00:00:00ZRationale, Design, and the Baseline Characteristics of the RHDGen (The Genetics of Rheumatic Heart Disease) Network Study
Tafadzwa Machipisa, Chishala Chishala, Gasnat Shaboodien, Liesl J Zühlke, Babu Muhamed, Shahiemah Pandie, Jantina de Vries, Nakita Laing, Alexia Joachim, Rezeen Daniels, Mpiko Ntsekhe, Christopher T Hugo-Hamman, Bernard Gitura, Stephen Ogendo, Peter Lwabi, Emmy Okello, Albertino Damasceno, Celia Novela, Ana O Mocumbi, Geoffrey Madeira, John Musuku, Agnes Mtaja, Ahmed ElSayed, Huda HM Alhassan, Fidelia Bode-Thomas, Christopher Yilgwan, Ganiyu Amusa, Esin Nkereuwem, Nicola Mulder, Raj Ramesar, Maia Lesosky, Heather J Cordell, Michael Chong, Bernard Keavney, Guillaume Paré, Mark E Engel, RHDGen Network Consortium†
The genetics of rheumatic heart disease (RHDGen) Network was developed to assist the discovery and validation of genetic variations and biomarkers of risk for rheumatic heart disease (RHD) in continental Africans, as a part of the global fight to control and eradicate rheumatic fever/RHD. Thus, we describe the rationale and design of the RHDGen study, comprising participants from 8 African countries.
https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCGEN.121.003641
2023-01-01T00:00:00ZThe Burden of Motorcycle Crash Injuries on the Public Health System in Kisumu City, KenyaWilberforce Cholo, Wilson Odero, Japheths Ogendihttps://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/56132023-01-24T14:27:05Z2023-01-01T00:00:00ZThe Burden of Motorcycle Crash Injuries on the Public Health System in Kisumu City, Kenya
Wilberforce Cholo, Wilson Odero, Japheths Ogendi
Background: In Kenya, the increased use of motorcycles for
transport has led to increased morbidity, mortality, and disability.
These injuries exert a burden on the public health system, yet little
information exists on health care resource usage by motorcycle
crash injury patients. We aimed to estimate the burden of motorcycle crash injuries on the health system in Kisumu City.
Methods: We conducted a 6-month prospective study of all motorcycle crash injury patients who presented to 3 Tier III public and
private hospitals in Kisumu City between May and November
2019. We collected data on demographics, emergency department (ED) visits, admissions, anatomic injury site, services used,
and injury severity. We reviewed hospital records to obtain denominator data on all the conditions presenting to the EDs.
Results: A total of 1,073 motorcycle crash injury cases accounted
for 2.0%, 12.0%, and 13.6% of total emergency visits, total injuries,
and total admissions to the hospitals, respectively. Men were overrepresented (P<.001). The mean age was 29.6 years (6standard
deviation [SD] 12.19; range=2–84). The average injury severity
score was 12.83. Surgical interventions were required by 89.3%
of patients admitted. Of the 123 patients admitted to the intensive
care unit, 42.3% were due to motorcycle accident injuries.
Conclusion: Motorcycle injuries impose a major burden on the
Kisumu City public health system. Increased promotion and reinforcement of appropriate interventions and legislation can help
prevent accidents and mitigate their consequences. Focusing on motorcycle injury prevention will reduce accident-related morbidity,
hospitalization, severity, and fatalities and the impact on the public
health system
2023-01-01T00:00:00ZPrediction of BRCA Mutations Using the BRCAPRO Model in Clinic-Based African American, Hispanic, and Other Minority Families in the United StatesDezheng Huo, Ruby T Senie, Mary Daly, Saundra S Buys, Shelly Cummings, Jacqueline Ogutha, Kisha Hope, Olufunmilayo I Olopadehttps://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/53922022-10-13T16:14:31Z2009-01-01T00:00:00ZPrediction of BRCA Mutations Using the BRCAPRO Model in Clinic-Based African American, Hispanic, and Other Minority Families in the United States
Dezheng Huo, Ruby T Senie, Mary Daly, Saundra S Buys, Shelly Cummings, Jacqueline Ogutha, Kisha Hope, Olufunmilayo I Olopade
BRCAPRO, a BRCA mutation carrier prediction model, was developed on the basis of studies in individuals of Ashkenazi Jewish and European ancestry. We evaluated the performance of the BRCAPRO model among clinic-based minority families. We also assessed the clinical utility of mutation status of probands (the first individual tested in a family) in the recommendation of BRCA mutation testing for other at-risk family members.
2009-01-01T00:00:00ZData-independent acquisition mass spectrometry in severe rheumatic heart disease (RHD) identifies a proteomic signature showing ongoing inflammation and effectively classifying RHD casesM Taariq Salie, Jing Yang, Carlos R Ramírez Medina, Liesl J Zühlke, Chishala Chishala, Mpiko Ntsekhe, Bernard Gitura, Stephen Ogendo, Emmy Okello, Peter Lwabi, John Musuku, Agnes Mtaja, Christopher Hugo-Hamman, Ahmed El-Sayed, Albertino Damasceno, Ana Mocumbi, Fidelia Bode-Thomas, Christopher Yilgwan, Ganiyu A Amusa, Esin Nkereuwem, Gasnat Shaboodien, Rachael Da Silva, Dave Chi Hoo Lee, Simon Frain, Nophar Geifman, Anthony D Whetton, Bernard Keavney, Mark E Engelhttps://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/52852022-06-21T06:03:31Z2022-01-01T00:00:00ZData-independent acquisition mass spectrometry in severe rheumatic heart disease (RHD) identifies a proteomic signature showing ongoing inflammation and effectively classifying RHD cases
M Taariq Salie, Jing Yang, Carlos R Ramírez Medina, Liesl J Zühlke, Chishala Chishala, Mpiko Ntsekhe, Bernard Gitura, Stephen Ogendo, Emmy Okello, Peter Lwabi, John Musuku, Agnes Mtaja, Christopher Hugo-Hamman, Ahmed El-Sayed, Albertino Damasceno, Ana Mocumbi, Fidelia Bode-Thomas, Christopher Yilgwan, Ganiyu A Amusa, Esin Nkereuwem, Gasnat Shaboodien, Rachael Da Silva, Dave Chi Hoo Lee, Simon Frain, Nophar Geifman, Anthony D Whetton, Bernard Keavney, Mark E Engel
Background
Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) remains a major source of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. A deeper insight into the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying RHD could provide opportunities for drug repurposing, guide recommendations for secondary penicillin prophylaxis, and/or inform development of near-patient diagnostics.
Methods
We performed quantitative proteomics using Sequential Windowed Acquisition of All Theoretical Fragment Ion Mass Spectrometry (SWATH-MS) to screen protein expression in 215 African patients with severe RHD, and 230 controls. We applied a machine learning (ML) approach to feature selection among the 366 proteins quantifiable in at least 40% of samples, using the Boruta wrapper algorithm. The case–control differences and contribution to Area Under the Receiver Operating Curve (AUC) for each of the 56 proteins identified by the Boruta algorithm were calculated by Logistic Regression adjusted for age, sex and BMI. Biological pathways and functions enriched for proteins were identified using ClueGo pathway analyses.
Results
Adiponectin, complement component C7 and fibulin-1, a component of heart valve matrix, were significantly higher in cases when compared with controls. Ficolin-3, a protein with calcium-independent lectin activity that activates the complement pathway, was lower in cases than controls. The top six biomarkers from the Boruta analyses conferred an AUC of 0.90 indicating excellent discriminatory capacity between RHD cases and controls.
Conclusions
These results support the presence of an ongoing inflammatory response in RHD, at a time when severe valve disease has developed, and distant from previous episodes of acute rheumatic fever. This biomarker signature could have potential utility in recognizing different degrees of ongoing inflammation in RHD patients, which may, in turn, be related to prognostic severity.
2022-01-01T00:00:00ZDesign of a novel online, modular, flipped-classroom surgical curriculum for East, Central, and Southern AfricaAndrea S Parker, Katherine A Hill, Bruce C Steffes, Deirdre Mangaoang, Eric O’Flynn, Niraj Bachheta, Maria F Bates, Caesar Bitta, Nicholas H Carter, Richard E Davis, Jeremy A Dressler, Deborah A Eisenhut, Akinniyi E Fadipe, John K Kanyi, Rondi M Kauffmann, Frances Kazal, Patrick Kyamanywa, Justus O Lando, Heath R Many, Valentine C Mbithi, Amanda J McCoy, Peter C Meade, Wairimu YB Ndegwa, Emmy A Nkusi, Philip B Ooko, Dixon JS Osilli, Madison ED Parker, Sinkeet Rankeeti, Katherine Shafer, James D Smith, David Snyder, Kimutai R Sylvester, Michelle E Wakeley, Marvin K Wekesa, Laura Torbeck, Russell E White, Abebe Bekele, Robert K Parkerhttps://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/51742022-04-22T08:08:36Z2022-01-01T00:00:00ZDesign of a novel online, modular, flipped-classroom surgical curriculum for East, Central, and Southern Africa
Andrea S Parker, Katherine A Hill, Bruce C Steffes, Deirdre Mangaoang, Eric O’Flynn, Niraj Bachheta, Maria F Bates, Caesar Bitta, Nicholas H Carter, Richard E Davis, Jeremy A Dressler, Deborah A Eisenhut, Akinniyi E Fadipe, John K Kanyi, Rondi M Kauffmann, Frances Kazal, Patrick Kyamanywa, Justus O Lando, Heath R Many, Valentine C Mbithi, Amanda J McCoy, Peter C Meade, Wairimu YB Ndegwa, Emmy A Nkusi, Philip B Ooko, Dixon JS Osilli, Madison ED Parker, Sinkeet Rankeeti, Katherine Shafer, James D Smith, David Snyder, Kimutai R Sylvester, Michelle E Wakeley, Marvin K Wekesa, Laura Torbeck, Russell E White, Abebe Bekele, Robert K Parker
Objective:
We describe a structured approach to developing a standardized curriculum for surgical trainees in East, Central, and Southern Africa (ECSA).
Summary Background Data:
Surgical education is essential to closing the surgical access gap in ECSA. Given its importance for surgical education, the development of a standardized curriculum was deemed necessary.
Methods:
We utilized Kern’s 6-step approach to curriculum development to design an online, modular, flipped-classroom surgical curriculum. Steps included global and targeted needs assessments, determination of goals and objectives, the establishment of educational strategies, implementation, and evaluation.
Results:
Global needs assessment identified the development of a standardized curriculum as an essential next step in the growth of surgical education programs in ECSA. Targeted needs assessment of stakeholders found medical knowledge challenges, regulatory requirements, language variance, content gaps, expense and availability of resources, faculty numbers, and content delivery method to be factors to inform curriculum design. Goals emerged to increase uniformity and consistency in training, create contextually relevant material, incorporate best educational practices, reduce faculty burden, and ease content delivery and updates. Educational strategies centered on developing an online, flipped-classroom, modular curriculum emphasizing textual simplicity, multimedia components, and incorporation of active learning strategies. The implementation process involved establishing thematic topics and subtopics, the content of which was authored by regional surgeon educators and edited by content experts. Evaluation was performed by recording participation, soliciting user feedback, and evaluating scores on a certification examination.
2022-01-01T00:00:00ZData-independent acquisition mass spectrometry in severe rheumatic heart disease (RHD) identifies a proteomic signature showing ongoing inflammation and effectively classifying RHD casesM Taariq Salie, Jing Yang, Carlos R Ramírez Medina, Liesl J Zühlke, Chishala Chishala, Mpiko Ntsekhe, Bernard Gitura, Stephen Ogendo, Emmy Okello, Peter Lwabi, John Musuku, Agnes Mtaja, Christopher Hugo-Hamman, Ahmed El-Sayed, Albertino Damasceno, Ana Mocumbi, Fidelia Bode-Thomas, Christopher Yilgwan, Ganiyu A Amusa, Esin Nkereuwem, Gasnat Shaboodien, Rachael Da Silva, Dave Chi Hoo Lee, Simon Frain, Nophar Geifman, Anthony D Whetton, Bernard Keavney, Mark E Engelhttps://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/51712022-04-21T12:16:50Z2022-01-01T00:00:00ZData-independent acquisition mass spectrometry in severe rheumatic heart disease (RHD) identifies a proteomic signature showing ongoing inflammation and effectively classifying RHD cases
M Taariq Salie, Jing Yang, Carlos R Ramírez Medina, Liesl J Zühlke, Chishala Chishala, Mpiko Ntsekhe, Bernard Gitura, Stephen Ogendo, Emmy Okello, Peter Lwabi, John Musuku, Agnes Mtaja, Christopher Hugo-Hamman, Ahmed El-Sayed, Albertino Damasceno, Ana Mocumbi, Fidelia Bode-Thomas, Christopher Yilgwan, Ganiyu A Amusa, Esin Nkereuwem, Gasnat Shaboodien, Rachael Da Silva, Dave Chi Hoo Lee, Simon Frain, Nophar Geifman, Anthony D Whetton, Bernard Keavney, Mark E Engel
Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) remains a major source of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. A deeper insight into the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying RHD could provide opportunities for drug repurposing, guide recommendations for secondary penicillin prophylaxis, and/or inform development of near-patient diagnostics.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12014-022-09345-1
2022-01-01T00:00:00ZHeart disease and stroke statistics—2017 update: a report from the American Heart AssociationEmelia J Benjamin, Michael J Blaha, Stephanie E Chiuve, Mary Cushman, Sandeep R Das, Rajat Deo, Sarah D De Ferranti, James Floyd, Myriam Fornage, Cathleen Gillespie, Carmen R Isasi, Monik C Jimenez, Lori Chaffin Jordan, Suzanne E Judd, Daniel Lackland, Judith H Lichtman, Lynda Lisabeth, Simin Liu, Chris T Longenecker, Rachel H Mackey, Kunihiro Matsushita, Dariush Mozaffarian, Michael E Mussolino, Khurram Nasir, Robert W Neumar, Latha Palaniappan, Dilip K Pandey, Ravi R Thiagarajan, Mathew J Reeves, Matthew Ritchey, Carlos J Rodriguez, Gregory A Roth, Wayne D Rosamond, Comilla Sasson, Amytis Towfighi, Connie W Tsao, Melanie B Turner, Salim S Virani, Jenifer H Voeks, Joshua Z Willey, John T Wilkins, Jason HY Wu, Heather M Alger, Sally S Wong, Paul Muntnerhttps://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/49452022-02-13T10:24:38Z2017-01-01T00:00:00ZHeart disease and stroke statistics—2017 update: a report from the American Heart Association
Emelia J Benjamin, Michael J Blaha, Stephanie E Chiuve, Mary Cushman, Sandeep R Das, Rajat Deo, Sarah D De Ferranti, James Floyd, Myriam Fornage, Cathleen Gillespie, Carmen R Isasi, Monik C Jimenez, Lori Chaffin Jordan, Suzanne E Judd, Daniel Lackland, Judith H Lichtman, Lynda Lisabeth, Simin Liu, Chris T Longenecker, Rachel H Mackey, Kunihiro Matsushita, Dariush Mozaffarian, Michael E Mussolino, Khurram Nasir, Robert W Neumar, Latha Palaniappan, Dilip K Pandey, Ravi R Thiagarajan, Mathew J Reeves, Matthew Ritchey, Carlos J Rodriguez, Gregory A Roth, Wayne D Rosamond, Comilla Sasson, Amytis Towfighi, Connie W Tsao, Melanie B Turner, Salim S Virani, Jenifer H Voeks, Joshua Z Willey, John T Wilkins, Jason HY Wu, Heather M Alger, Sally S Wong, Paul Muntner
Each year, the American Heart Association (AHA), in conjunction with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health, and other government agencies, brings together in a single document the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and the factors in the AHA’s Life’s Simple 7 (Figure1), which include core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity [PA], diet, and weight) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure [BP], and glucose control) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The Statistical Update represents a critical resource for the lay public, policy makers, media professionals, clinicians, healthcare administrators, researchers, health advocates, and others seeking the best available data on these factors and conditions. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and stroke produce immense health and economic burdens in the United States and globally. The Update also presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, heart failure (HF), valvular disease, venous disease, and peripheral arterial disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs). Since 2006, the annual versions of the Statistical Update have been cited >20 000 times in the literature. In 2015 alone, the various Statistical Updates were cited ≈4000 ti
2017-01-01T00:00:00Z