Midwifery Nursing

Health literacy knowledge and experience of bachelor nursing students at a university in the Western Cape

2022-10-27T17:11:36Z

Health literacy knowledge and experience of bachelor nursing students at a university in the Western Cape Francesca Chepkemoi Mibei Health literacy is defined as the degree to which an individual has the capacity of obtaining, processing, and understanding basic health information and services needed for one to make appropriate decisions with relation to health. Health literacy is currently emerging as a major determinant of health outcomes yet it is not receiving enough attention, especially among health professionals. It is now considered a stronger predictor of health outcomes than social and economic status, education, and gender. Since nurses play a major role in providing healthcare information to patients and clients, it is imperative that nurses be prepared to face the challenges presented by individuals with poor health literacy skills. The nursing discipline is the largest segment of the health-oriented workforce and therefore, nurses have the largest responsibility of providing patient education, however, there are no education efforts targeting health professionals with regard to health literacy in South Africa. It is, therefore, imperative to establish the knowledge and experience of nurses in training in order to forge a way forward in nursing education. Donation

Seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen and it’s associated factors among hiv positive pregnant women in Jaramogi Oginga Odinga Teaching and Referral Hospital, Kisumu, Kenya

2020-12-14T07:34:20Z

Seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen and it’s associated factors among hiv positive pregnant women in Jaramogi Oginga Odinga Teaching and Referral Hospital, Kisumu, Kenya Joseph N Ngerecia Introduction: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are among the leading causes of infectious disease deaths worldwide. The two viruses are highly endemic in sub-Saharan Africa. Pregnant women who are co-infected with HBV and HIV are highly viremic for HBV and may be at a high risk of transmitting HBV to their infants. The prevalence of HIV in pregnant women aged 15-49 years in Kenya is 5.6%. Nyanza region of Kenya has the highest prevalence of HIV at about 15.1% compared to other regions in Kenya. Adult prevalence (15-64 years) in 2013 was 23.7% for males and 27.4% for females in Homabay County, 17.8% and 20.6% respectively in Kisumu and 21.8% and 25.3% respectively in Siaya Counties. With these statistics it is clear that more females than males in the same age group are infected with HIV in the region. Therefore, females in the same age bracket including pregnant women could be co-infected with HBV more than males. This study sought to establish seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen and its associated factors among HIV positive pregnant women in Jaramogi Oginga Odinga Teaching and Referral Hospital (JOOTRH) in Kisumu. Approval for conducting the study was obtained from KNH/UoN-ERC and JOOTRH‟s hospital administration. Study Design: The study utilized a descriptive cross sectional design that sought to establish seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen and its associated factors among HIV positive pregnant women in JOOTRH. Study Population: The study population was composed of pregnant women living with HIV/AIDS aged between 15-49 years. Sampling Procedure: Purposive sampling (homogenous) was use in this study. Potential study participants who met the inclusion criteria were purposively sampled. xv Data Collection: Data was collected for a period of one month using structured questionnaires to identify the demographic characteristics and risk factors to HBV infection in the study participants. Determination of HBsAg status was done through laboratory screening of blood serum using Onsite Rapid Test kit manufactured by CTK Biotec, Inc USA. HIV status was ascertained using the antenatal record booklet issued to all pregnant women during their first visit to the ANC. Data Analysis Procedures: Filled questionnaires were checked for completeness and data entry commenced. Accuracy of entry was ascertained. Data was summarized in percentages and measures of central tendency. Analysis was done using chi-squire tests and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results were presented in tables, graphs, charts and text narratives. Findings: Seroprevalence of HBsAg was 1% among study participants. Social demographic factors (age, marital status, level of education, religion and occupation) were found not statistically significant with HBV/HIV co-infection with p>0.05. Similarly, there was no statistical correlation between presumed risk factors to HBV/HIV co-infection and HBsAg status as follows. (Blood transfusion p=0.753, body tattooing p=0.859, body piercing for medicinal purpose p=0.751, circumcision p=0.901 and dental procedure p=0.673 at 95% confidence interval. Conclusion: Findings of this study revealed a low seroprevalence rate of HBsAg of only 1% among study participants. However this finding does not necessarily reflect the real picture of co-infection in the entire region. Based on the current statistics of HIV/AIDS in Nyanza region, the rate of HBV/HIV co-infection could be different. xvi Recommendations: More attention should be focused on screening for HBsAg among HIV cases to identify demographics that show higher prevalence and to make informed decision on routine screening.

Nurses Compliance With Focused Antenatal Care In Siaya County Kenya

2020-12-10T14:09:48Z

Nurses Compliance With Focused Antenatal Care In Siaya County Kenya Dr.Dina J. Chelagat Rosemary Aoko Chweya, Dr/ Isis E. Gohar, Dr/ Niven R. Basyouni

Barriers to appropriate breast feeding practices among mothers attending maternal and child health Clinic at Mbagathi District Hospital, Nairobi

2020-12-07T12:18:44Z

Barriers to appropriate breast feeding practices among mothers attending maternal and child health Clinic at Mbagathi District Hospital, Nairobi Mogambi, Linda K Breastfeeding is a natural and recommended way of feeding all infants and young children Decline in this practice has resulted in increased morbidity and mortality of children under the age of five years globally and in Kenya. To address inconsistencies in breast feeding practice, it is necessary to understand maternal factors influencing the practice and role played by health facilities, the family unit, work environment and the community in acting as promoters or barriers to appropriate breast feeding practices. The objective of this study was to determine barriers to appropriate breast feeding practices among breast feeding mothers and their perception of breast feeding support provided by health care workers necessary to breast feed successfully. A descriptive cross sectional study involving 228 mothers to children below 12 months attending the MCH clinic at Mbagathi District Hospital was carried out between the months of April and June in the year 2011. Data was collected with assistance of two trained research assistants using a structured questionnaire consisting of open and closed ended questions. Analysis was done using SPSS version 15: Maternal characteristics were described and summarized using measures of central tendencies (mean, mode and median). Statistical measures of correlation (fisher's and chi-squared tests) were used to draw association between independent and outcome variables. Findings of this study showed that most clients were married (89%) and aged between 22-28 years (58.8%). Most of the participants were first time mothers (56%). Majority had primary (34.7%) and secondary (39.7%) level of education and the mean age of the index child was 5 months. Maternal knowledge about breast feeding was influenced by age (p=O.OOl)and level of education (p=0.002) of the mother. Intended duration of breast feeding was influenced by level of education of the mother (p=0.49). XVI Initiation of breast feeding was low (59.2%) while exclusive breast feeding rates in infants of the age group 4-6 months was (40%). Bottle feeding was associated with early introduction of complementary feeds (p