https://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/2906 2026-05-15T12:08:35Z 2026-05-15T12:08:35Z Marera, Dominic Satyapal, Kapil Sewsaran https://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/6234 2024-11-19T14:08:19Z 2024-10-30T00:00:00Z

Radiological study of the ossification process of medial clavicular epiphysis: The influence of sex and laterality Marera, Dominic; Satyapal, Kapil Sewsaran Radiological examination of bones such viz, clavicle have been developed to estimate the age of an individual without valid identification, or when suspected of providing inaccurate age. However, there is a paucity of information on the influence of sex and laterality on age the estimation process. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of sex and laterality in the ossification process of the medial clavicular epiphysis within the South African and Kenyan population.

2024-10-30T00:00:00Z Marera, Dominic Satyapal, Kapil Sewsaran https://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/6221 2024-11-12T15:36:02Z 2024-10-30T00:00:00Z

Radiological study of the ossification process of medial clavicular epiphysis: The influence of sex and laterality Marera, Dominic; Satyapal, Kapil Sewsaran Radiological examination of bones such viz, clavicle have been developed to estimate the age of an individual without valid identification, or when suspected of providing inaccurate age. However, there is a paucity of information on the influence of sex and laterality on age the estimation process. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of sex and laterality in the ossification process of the medial clavicular epiphysis within the South African and Kenyan population.

2024-10-30T00:00:00Z Oyugi, Spencer Opiyo Kosiyo, Paul Mboya Marera, Domnic Oduor https://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/6140 2024-08-05T14:38:21Z 2024-04-12T00:00:00Z

Histo-inhibitory effects of Warbugia ugandensis on high fat diet induced atherosclerosis in New Zealand rabbits Oyugi, Spencer Opiyo; Kosiyo, Paul Mboya; Marera, Domnic Oduor Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by accumulation of plaque within a blood vessel. W. ugandensis has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits therefore it might play an important role in histo-inhibition of atherosclerosis. This was a posttest only true experimental design in which 30 male New Zealand rabbits were used. Systematic random sampling method was used in recruiting and assigning the animals into control and experimental groups. W. ugandensis extract was obtained, phytochemical analysis and acute oral toxicity was done to determine safe dose. The animals were fed on high fat diet to induce atherosclerosis. The mean area fraction of Atorvastatin and W. ugandensis histo-inhibitory group significantly reduced as compared to vehicle control group. On histological analysis, histo-inhibitory group had a fatty streak within the tunica intima characterized by foam cells that accumulated lipids in their cytoplasm while the atorvastatin histo-inhibitory group had less pronounced fatty streak. Therefore, it can be concluded that W. ugandensis has positive histo-inhibitory effects characterized by failure of formation of atherosclerotic lesion.

2024-04-12T00:00:00Z Oyale, Warren Ayonga Oyieko, Willis Kosiyo, Paul Marera, Domnic https://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/6139 2024-08-05T14:33:09Z 2024-04-12T00:00:00Z

Variation in origin and course of brachial artery among black African population: Cadaveric study in Western Kenya Oyale, Warren Ayonga; Oyieko, Willis; Kosiyo, Paul; Marera, Domnic Brachial artery (BA) is the main arterial supply to upper limb, it’sa direct continuation of axillary artery at the lower border of teres major and gives of profunda brachii which is the largest branch, superior ulnar collateral artery, inferior ulnar collateral artery, nutrient artery and muscular branches. BA presents with a lot of anatomical variants as reported by several authors though there is paucity of data on this variant anatomy among black African population. The current study evaluated variation in origin and course of brachial artery among black African population. https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/aja.v13i1.13

2024-04-12T00:00:00Z Musungu, Vincent Marera, Domnic Oyieko, Willis Makunda, Wilbroda .N Siwa, Benard https://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/6138 2024-08-05T14:26:35Z 2024-07-23T00:00:00Z

Using Prostate-specific Antigen to Predict Gleason Scores in African Men Seeking Urological Services at a Referral Hospital in Kisumu, Kenya Musungu, Vincent; Marera, Domnic; Oyieko, Willis; Makunda, Wilbroda .N; Siwa, Benard Men are more likely to develop prostate lesions like benign prostatic hypertrophy and prostate cancer as they age. Prostate specific antigen (PSA), which is secreted in large quantities above normal levels of 0–4 ng/ml by cells of the prostate gland in benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) or prostate cancer (Pca), is a biological marker for the diagnosis of prostate cancer; hence, early diagnosis using PSA facilitates disease detection; the higher the level of PSA, the higher the chance of having prostate cancer (Negahdary et al., 2020; Zhang & Sun, 2018). The Gleason scale is used to grade patients with prostate cancer and determine their risk of the disease progressing. Is it possible to predict the Gleason scores of people with prostate cancer based on their PSA levels? The primary goal of the current study was to establish a correlation between the patient's PSA level and the associated Gleason scores at the time of prostate biopsy at Jaramogi Oginga Odinga Teaching and Referral Hospital (JOOTRH).

2024-07-23T00:00:00Z Kosiyo, Paul https://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/5846 2023-11-09T16:50:23Z 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z

Plasmodium falciparum Infection Modulates Platelet Count than Leucocyte Parameters in Carriage of Different Haemoglobin Beta Subunit (HBB) Genotypes Kosiyo, Paul Sickle cell disease is a prime genetic disorder due to a single nucleotide mutation resulting in haemoglobin gene (HbS) occurring in the regions where malaria is endemic. Though it primarily a disease of erythrocytes, non-erythrocytic cells are equally affected just like in malaria infection. Furthermore, leucocytes and thrombocytes have equally been hypothesized to be the driving force for sickle cell crisis. However, the modulatory trends and magnitude of Plasmodium falciparum infection on platelet and leucocyte parameters in sickle cell disease is not entirely explored. DOI: 10.7176/JNSR/14-10-05

2023-01-01T00:00:00Z Kirui, Dennis Marera, Dominic Were, Tom https://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/5834 2023-10-24T14:23:33Z 2023-11-09T00:00:00Z

Determination of hematological response to iron and folic acid supplementation among the expectant mothers attending Kakamega County Referral Hospital, Kenya Kirui, Dennis; Marera, Dominic; Were, Tom Despite iron and folic acid supplementation program among expectant mothers while attending antenatal care clinic at Kakamega County, the rates of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality due to anemia complications are still high.

2023-11-09T00:00:00Z Oyale, Warren Ayonga Oyieko, Willis Kosiyo, Paul Marera, Domnic https://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/5833 2023-10-24T14:14:32Z 2023-06-06T00:00:00Z

Variation in Branching Pattern and Length of Brachial Artery among Black African Population Oyale, Warren Ayonga; Oyieko, Willis; Kosiyo, Paul; Marera, Domnic As the main arterial supply of the upper limb, the normal documented branching pattern of brachial artery is by bifurcation of its terminal branches into radial and ulnar arteries, but due to variations in studies done, two patterns have been identified i.e., bifurcation and trifurcation though there is paucity data in black African population. The length of brachial artery also varies in majority of studies done. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the branching pattern and length of brachial artery as brachial artery is of clinical importance in majority of clinical procedures of the upper arm like blood pressure monitoring and various surgical therapeutic procedures. Methodology: The study was carried out in Maseno, Uzima and Masinde muliro universities human anatomy laboratories where 154 upper limb specimens of 77 cadavers were used. A Cross sectional descriptive study design with stratified sampling method were adopted in the study. Data was recorded in data entry form and later analyzed using SPSS version 26.0. Results: Out of 154 upper limbs 93.5% had normal bifurcation into radial and ulnar arteries,4(2.4%) showed high bifurcation of brachial artery into ulnar and radial arteries, 6(4.1%) had trifurcation into radial ulnar and common interosseous arteries. Mean length of brachial artery was 26. 0cm.There was no statistically significant difference in variation (p=0.333 and 0.564) when correlated with the normal branching pattern. Conclusion: Knowledge regarding the known normal anatomy and variant arterial anatomy of the upper limb, has significant importance, it can guide vascular radiologist, surgeons, and clinicians for accurate diagnostic interpretation as well as in the conduct of interventional and surgical procedures of upper limb. Thus, knowledge on variant anatomy in branching pattern and length of brachial artery is important for clinicians when performing invasive and other clinical procedures to avoid misdiagnosis and surgical related complications, thus each patient should be treated uniquely due to such anatomical variations. https://ijisrt.com/assets/upload/files/IJISRT23JUN1964

2023-06-06T00:00:00Z Alinyo Omuga, Philip Charles Marera, Dominic Ng’wena, Gideon Omondi, Calvin Otieno, Olga Khisa, Allan Oluma, Edwin Oyale, Warren Owuocha, Dorice https://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/5832 2023-10-24T13:43:28Z 2023-07-07T00:00:00Z

Differences in Demographic Characteristics in the Morphology of Brachial Plexus among Black African Population: A Cadaveric Study in Western Kenya. Alinyo Omuga, Philip Charles; Marera, Dominic; Ng’wena, Gideon; Omondi, Calvin; Otieno, Olga; Khisa, Allan; Oluma, Edwin; Oyale, Warren; Owuocha, Dorice The anterior principal rami of C5 to C8 and T1 are joined to form brachial plexus (Bp), a network of nerves that wraps around neck and axilla of the body. Trauma, radiation, neoplasms, infections, and autoimmune diseases can all have an impact on Bp. The technical expertise required for clinical and surgical procedures is described in existing publications. Beginners still find it particularly difficult to use its many elements while navigating. The objective was to identify the differences in the demographic characteristics (male and female) of Bp among the population. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried at Maseno, Masinde Muliro, and Uzima Universities' anatomical laboratory departments. Total of 70 (35 males and 35 females) cadavers sample size was used from 86 cadavers using Yamane Taro formula. Ethical consideration was observed. Data analysis was done using SPSS vs26. X2 test was used. Significance was set at a P–value = 0.05. Study comprised of 140 Bp (left and right sides). In the study population, Bp varied by gender, with median nerve accounting for a larger proportion. There was a statistically significant difference (p=0.008) in the variation of median nerve distribution in relation to the sexes. Variations noted were significant in the formation of roots, trunks, divisions, cords, and terminal branches. Coexistence of these differences is essential for it enables surgeons and anesthesiologists avoid purposeful damage to Bp nerves. Understanding these variances is crucial when evaluating sensory and motor loss that has been explained following surgery or trauma to upper limb.

2023-07-07T00:00:00Z Khisa, Wanjala Allan Marera, Oduor Domnic Adero, Walter https://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/5831 2023-10-24T13:28:28Z 2023-04-05T00:00:00Z

Renal Biochemical Marker Changes in Restorative Activities of Curcuma longa on Sildenafil Induced Nephrotoxicity Among Male Albino Rats Khisa, Wanjala Allan; Marera, Oduor Domnic; Adero, Walter Nephrotoxicity is the rapid deterioration of kidney function due to altered histoarchitecture and drug clearance characterized by increased levels of renal biochemical markers. Sildenafil is among the drugs postulated to cause nephrotoxicity if taken over a long period of time or as an overdose as it interferes with the kidney histoarchitecture. Curcuma longa is a traditional herbal plant which is used in diet, treatment of diabetes, dermatological conditions and renal diseases. https://doi.org/10.46382/MJBAS.2023.7211

2023-04-05T00:00:00Z